A federal appeals court last Thursday paused a lower court’s decision that had blocked a wide range of tariffs imposed by President Donald Trump, allowing the administration to continue enforcing the duties while legal proceedings move forward.

The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit restored the tariffs less than 24 hours after the U.S. Court of International Trade (CIT) ruled that President Trump lacked the authority under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) to impose them. The appellate court gave plaintiffs until June 5 to respond and set a June 9 deadline for the administration’s reply.

The rapid sequence of rulings has added to the uncertainty surrounding a key piece of the president’s trade agenda, which aims to boost domestic manufacturing but has drawn significant pushback from affected industries and trade partners.

The CIT’s Wednesday ruling struck down the “Liberation Day” tariffs President Trump announced on April 2, as well as tariffs on Chinese, Mexican, and Canadian imports that the administration says are tied to its efforts to combat fentanyl trafficking. However, the CIT left in place other trade measures, such as the Section 232 tariffs on steel, aluminum, and cars.

The decision was the result of two consolidated lawsuits — one brought by the Liberty Justice Center on behalf of several small businesses; and another filed by a coalition of 12 Democratic-led states. The CIT ordered the administration to begin rolling back the tariffs within 10 days.

The Trump administration appealed the CIT’s ruling within hours, saying it will take the matter to the U.S. Supreme Court if necessary. President Trump has publicly criticized the CIT decision and called on the high court to reverse it, arguing it would otherwise limit presidential authority to impose reciprocal tariffs without congressional approval.

In a related case, a federal judge in Washington, D.C., issued a preliminary injunction Thursday in favor of two small toy companies, ruling that they would suffer irreparable harm from the tariffs. That ruling is also now under appeal.

The legal back-and-forth comes just weeks before the Trump administration’s July 9 deadline to reimpose a broader set of “reciprocal tariffs,” raising questions about the status of ongoing trade talks and future enforcement actions.